Types of numeric literals in python

Generally, literals are a notation for representing a fixed value in source code. They can also be defined as raw values or data given in variables or constants. Python has different types of literal such as:

1. String literals
2. Numeric literals
3. Boolean literals
4. Literal Collections
5. Special literals

What is String literals

A string literal can be created by writing a text[a group of Characters ] surrounded by a single[”], double[“”], or triple quotes.  By using triple quotes we can write multi-line strings or display them in the desired way. 

Example: Here geekforgeeks is a string literal that is assigned to a variable[s]. 

Python3

s = 'geekforgeeks'

t = "geekforgeeks"

m =

print[s]

print[t]

print[m]

Output

geekforgeeks
geekforgeeks
geek 
           for 
               geeks

What is Character literal

It is also a type of string literal where a single character is surrounded by single or double quotes.

Example:

Python3

v = 'n'

w = "a"

print[v]

print[w]

Output

n
a

What is Numeric literal

They are immutable and there are three types of numeric literal: 

1. Integer 
2. Float python
3. Complex.

Integer:

Both positive and negative numbers including 0. There should not be any fractional part.

Example:

We assigned integer literals [0b10100, 50, 0o320, 0x12b] into different variables. Here, ‘a‘ is a binary literal, ‘b’ is a decimal literal, ‘c‘ is an octal literal, and ‘d‘ is a hexadecimal literal. But on using the print function to display a value or to get the output they were converted into decimal.

Python3

a = 0b10100

b = 50

c = 0o320

d = 0x12b

print[a, b, c, d]

Output

20 50 208 299

Float

These are real numbers having both integer and fractional parts.

Example:

24.8 and 45.0 are floating-point literals because both 24.8 and 45.0 are floating-point numbers. 

Python3

e = 24.8

f = 45.0

print[e, f]

Output

24.8 45.0

Complex 

The numerals will be in the form of a + bj, where ‘a‘ is the real part and ‘b‘ is the complex part.

Example:

Python3

z = 7 + 5j

k = 7j

print[z, k]

Output

[7+5j] 7j

What is Boolean literal

There are only two Boolean literals in Python. They are true and false. In Python, True represents the value as 1 and False represents the value as 0. 

Example 1:

In this example ‘a‘ is True and ‘b‘ is False because 1 is equal to True.

Python3

a = [1 == True]

b = [1 == False]

c = True + 3

d = False + 7

print["a is", a]

print["b is", b]

print["c:", c]

print["d:", d]

Output

a is True
b is False
c: 4
d: 7

Example 2:

Another example to show boolean literal.

Python3

x = [1 == True]

y = [2 == False]

z = [3 == True]

r = [1 == True]

a = True + 10

b = False + 10

print["x is", x]

print["y is", y]

print["z is", r]

print["a:", a]

print["b:", b]

Output

x is True
y is False
z is True
a: 11
b: 10

What are literal collections

Python provides four different types of literal collections:

1. List literals
2. Tuple literals
3. Dict literals
4. Set literals

What is List literal

The listcontains items of different data types. The values stored in List are separated by a comma [,] and enclosed within square brackets[[]]. We can store different types of data in a List. Lists are mutable.

Example: 

Python3

number = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

name = ['Amit', 'kabir', 'bhaskar', 2]

print[number]

print[name]

Output

[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
['Amit', 'kabir', 'bhaskar', 2]

What is Tuple literal

A tuple is a collection of different data-type.  It is enclosed by the parentheses ‘[]‘ and each element is separated by the comma[,]. It is immutable.

Example: 

Python3

even_number = [2, 4, 6, 8]

odd_number = [1, 3, 5, 7]

print[even_number]

print[odd_number]

Output

[2, 4, 6, 8]
[1, 3, 5, 7]

What is Dictionary literal

Dictionary stores the data in the key-value pair. It is enclosed by curly braces ‘{}‘ and each pair is separated by the commas[,].  We can store different types of data in a dictionary. Dictionaries are mutable.

Example: 

Python3

alphabets = {'a': 'apple', 'b': 'ball', 'c': 'cat'}

information = {'name': 'amit', 'age': 20, 'ID': 20}

print[alphabets]

print[information]

Output:

{'a': 'apple', 'b': 'ball', 'c': 'cat'}
{'name': 'amit', 'age': 20, 'ID': 20}

What is Set literal

Setis the collection of the unordered data set. It is enclosed by the {} and each element is separated by the comma[,].

Example: We can create a set of vowels and fruits. 

Python3

vowels = {'a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u'}

fruits = {"apple", "banana", "cherry"}

print[vowels]

print[fruits]

Output

{'o', 'e', 'a', 'u', 'i'}
{'apple', 'banana', 'cherry'}

What is Special literal

Python contains one special literal [None]. ‘None’ is used to define a null variable. If ‘None’ is compared with anything else other than a ‘None’, it will return false.

Example:

Python3

water_remain = None

print[water_remain]

Output

None

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