A nurse assesses a patient diagnosed with conversion [functional neurological] disorder. Which comment is most likely from this patient?
a. "Since my father died, I've been short of breath and had sharp pains that go down my left arm, but I think it's just indigestion."
b. "I have daily problems with nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. My skin is very dry, and I think I'm getting seriously dehydrated."
c. "Sexual intercourse is painful. I pretend as if I'm asleep so I can avoid it. I think it's starting to cause problems with my marriage."
d. "I get choked very easily and have trouble swallowing when I eat. I think I might have cancer of the esophagus."
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2
The patient says, "None of my doctors listen to me."
3
The patient names six current health care providers providing care.
4
The patient complains of abdominal pain and swollen lymph nodes.
5
The patient complains of being unable to care for children because of headaches.
Somatic symptom disorder is characterized by a combination of distressing symptoms and an excessive or maladaptive response or associated health
concerns without significant physical findings and medical diagnosis. The predominance of women is significant, particularly younger women. There may be a high level of medical care use, which rarely alleviates the patient's concerns. The most common symptoms are chest pain, fatigue, dizziness, headache, swelling, back pain, shortness of breath, insomnia, abdominal pain, and numbness. Some patients feel that their medical assessment and treatment have been inadequate, leaving them feeling
discounted or misunderstood.
Text Reference - pp. 316-317
1
Patients typically experience high levels of functional impairment.
2
Chest pain, dizziness, and headache commonly are reported symptoms.
4
Medical and psychosocial histories are vital to achieving an accurate diagnosis.
5
The health care provider's perception of the patient is a factor in the diagnosis process.
Somatic symptom disorder is characterized by a combination
of distressing symptoms and an excessive or maladaptive response or associated health concerns without significant physical findings and medical diagnosis. Patients' suffering is authentic and they typically experience a high level of functional impairment. Somatic symptom disorder is difficult to distinguish from physical disorders with organic causes, and the patient's history is extremely important for accurate diagnosis. The most common symptoms for visits to primary health care providers
are chest pain, fatigue, dizziness, headache, swelling, back pain, shortness of breath, insomnia, abdominal pain, and numbness. Studies show that the strongest predictor of misdiagnosing somatic disorders is the primary health care provider's dissatisfaction with the clinical encounter. The predominance of women with somatization is significant.
Text Reference - pp. 316-317
2
"Since getting a divorce, I've had crushing chest pain, but I don't think
it really means anything."
In conversion disorder, the individual may be expressing a forbidden thought or wish by converting it into physical symptoms that are more appropriate and acceptable, and which also provide sympathy, care, and attention from others. Individuals exhibit one or more symptoms that affect voluntary motor or sensory function. These symptoms appear to be related to a neurologic or general medical condition but are not caused by a general medical condition, or the direct
effects of a substance, or a culturally sanctioned behavior or experience. The symptom is not intentionally produced and is not limited to pain or sexual dysfunction. The conversion symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. Common symptoms are blindness, paralysis, deafness, seizures, anesthesia, or abnormal motor movements
Text Reference - p. 317