Học cách sử dụng thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn trong Tiếng Anh - Giúp bạn biết cách diễn tả hành động dài hạn trong quá khứ và hiện tại

Định nghĩa

Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn (Present perfect continuous tense) là thì dùng để chỉ hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng vẫn tiếp tục ở hiện tại và có khả năng tiếp diễn trong tương lai.

Công thức thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn

Cách dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn

• những động từ chỉ sự việc có tính chất lâu dài (work, live, study, learn…)
• các trạng ngữ như: for + khoảng thời gian, since + mốc thời gian trong quá khứ …

I’ve been trying to fix this computer since yesterday. (Tôi đã và đang cố gắng sửa cái máy tính này từ hôm qua đến giờ, và vẫn chưa sửa được.)

I’ve been thinking about this issue all day long. (Tôi đã và đang suy nghĩ về vấn đề này cả ngày rồi, nhưng vẫn chưa nghĩ ra.)

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Dấu hiệu nhận biết

- Từ nhận biết gồm: All day, all week, since, for, for long time, almost every day this week, recently, lately, in the past week, in recent years, up until now, and so far, at the moment.

Phân biệt thì HTHT và HTHTTD

Nhấn mạnh vào sự liên tục của hành động, khoảng thời gian mà hành động đó tiêu tốn, nhưng chưa có kết quả rõ rệt, do đó, hành động ấy có thể vẫn tiếp tục xảy ra trong tương lai

- She has learned how to drive a car. (= She has finished learning and she can drive now. Cô ấy đã học lái xe xong rồi, tức là bây giờ cô ấy lái được xe rồi.)

- The students have done their homework. (= The students have finished doing their homework. Các em học sinh đã làm xong bài tập rồi.)

- She has been learning how to drive a car for weeks. (= She hasn’t finished learning yet. Cô ấy học lái xe mấy tuần nay nhưng vẫn chưa xong, vẫn chưa lái đươc, và vẫn sẽ phải học tiếp.)

• The students have been doing their homework for hours. (= They haven’t finished the homework yet, các em học sinh đã làm bài trong nhiều giờ nhưng vẫn chưa hoàn thành.)

Bài tập thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp điễn

Bài 1: Chia động từ bài tập hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn phù hợp trong câu

1. She ______ (work) here for five years.
2. I ______ (study) all day.
3. You ______ (eat) a lot recently. 
4. We ______ (live) in London for six months.
5. He _____ (play) football, so he’s tired.
6. They _____ (learn) English for two years.
7. I _____ (cook) so I’m really hot.  
8. She ____ (go) to the cinema every weekend for years.
9. It _____ (rain) the pavement is wet.
10. You ____ (sleep) for twelve hours.
11. I ______ (not/work) today.
12. You _____ (not/eat) well recently.
13. We _____ (not/exercise) enough.
14. She _____ (not/study) today.
15. They _____ (not/live) here for very long.
16. It _____ (not/snow).
17. He _____ (not/play) football for five years.
18. We _____ (not/drink) enough water – that’s why we feel tired.
19. I ______ (not/sleep), I was reading. 
20. They _____ (not/watch) TV much recently.
21. We would like to eat something because we ________ (not eat) for the whole day.
22. It ______ (rain) for the whole morning, so she doesn’t want to go out.
23. John Wick _____ (watch) his favorite film since I came.

Bài 2: Hoàn thành những câu hỏi dưới đây ở thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn

1. How long ……………………………………. for me? (you | wait) 
2. What ……………………………… since he returned? (John | do) 
3. Why …………………………….. meat lately? (you | not eat) There’s so much snow on the road. …………………………………………….. all night? (it | snow) 
4. Why ………………………………………………… for such a long time? (Sam and Mary | argue)
5.  ……………………. my shampoo? There’s not much left. (you | use) 
6. How long ……………………………………… glasses? (Jill | not wear) ……………………………………. since you decided to take the exam? (you | revise) 
7. Where ………………………………………………. lately? (your dad | work) 
8. Your hands are covered with chocolate. …………………………….. a cake? (you | make) 

Bài 3: Hoàn tất các câu sau dựa vào những từ gợi ý cho sẵn

1. We/not/want/go/because/be/play/football
2. Chingun/be/sleep/hours//so/house/quiet.
3. He/drink/alcohol/since/we/see/
4. I/do/work/whole/day//now/be/tired.
5. She/not/see/parents/so long/because/she/busy.

Bài 4: Sử dụng thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn để hoàn thành các câu sau

(Make present perfect continuous questions).

1. How long ……………………………………………………………. for me? (you | wait)
2. What …………………………………………………….. since he returned? (John | do)
3. Why ……………………………………………………….. meat lately? (you | not eat)
4. There’s so much snow on the road. ………………………… all night? (it | snow)
5. Why …………………………… for such a long time? (Peter  and Jolly | argue)
6. ……………………………… my shampoo? There’s not much left. (you | use)
7. How long ………………………………………… glasses? (Ben | not wear)
8. ……………………….. since you decided to take the exam? (you | revise)
9. Where ………………………………… lately? (your dad | work)
10. Your hands are covered with chocolate. ………………… a cake? (you | make)

2.2. Bài tập về hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn – nâng cao

Bài tập 1: Chia những động từ trong ngoặc ở thì đúng để hoàn thành những hội thoại sau

1.  

A: George, how long ……………..you ………………………………….. Japanese? (learn) 

B: Japanese? Wait a minute. For about five years. 

1.  

A: What a lovely smell! 

B: My mum …………………………………………….. some cakes. (bake) 

1.  

A: Why are your hands so dirty? 

B: I ……………………………………………………… my car. (clean) 

1.  

A: You look so tired. You should have a rest. 

B: Should I? But I …………………………………………………….. so hard. (not work) 

1.  

A: Why ……………….. Sarah ……………………………………… out lately? (not go) 

B: She broke her leg while she was skiing. 

1.  

A: Peter, why are you so noisy? I want to sleep! 

B: Do you mean it? I ………………………………………………… any noise since I got up. (not make) 

1.  

A: …………….. you ……………………………………… for a long time? (cough) 

B: Not really. It started the day before yesterday. 

1.  

A: Mr. Gregson, how long ……………… you ……………………………………….. English? (not teach) 

B: To tell the truth I’ve never taught English. But I’d like to try it. 

     9.

A Hi, Sam. How is your new girlfriend doing? 

B Susan? She ……………………………………………………. to me since we had an argument. (not speak) 

   10.

A: Have you heard about the bank robbery in King Street? 

B: Yes, I have. The police ……………………………………………….. for the robbers day and night. (look) 

Bài tập 2: Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở thì hiện tại hoàn thành hoặc thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn

1. How often ______ (you clean) the windows this year?
2. I ______  (work) all day and  (just come) home from the office.
3. The girls _______ (be) at school since 7 o’clock.
4. We _____ (play) basketball for the last few hours. (play)
5. I _____ (wait) for the train for half an hour, but it still _____  (not arrive) yet.
6. She ______  (not cook) anything yet because she _____  (talk) to her neighbour all the time.
7. She _____ (work) for the company since she graduated from university.
8. They _____ (live) in Boston since they arrived in the USA ten years ago. (live)
9. Ben, where have you been? I ______  (wait) for you since 2 o’clock.
10. My wife is exhausted because she _____ (work) too hard all day. (work)
11. It ______ (rain) all week. I hope it will stop by Saturday.
12. She ______ (perform) in eight movies since she began acting.
13. Jane _____  (work) on the computer for hours, and she  (not finish) yet.
14. The department store is still closed. It ____ (not open) yet. 
15. How many times ____ (you take) this exam?

Bài tập 3: For each situation, write two sentences using the words in brackets

1. Tom started reading a book two hours ago. He is still reading it and now he is on page 53.

(read/ for two hours) He …….

(read/ 53 pages so far) He …….

1. Rachel is from Australia. She is travelling round Europe at the moment. She began her trip three months ago.

(travel/ for three months) She …….

(visit/six countries so far) …….

1. Patrick is a tennis player.He began playing tennis when he was ten years old. This year he is national champion again – for the fourth time

(win/ the national championships/ four times) …….

(play/ tennis since he was ten) …….

1. When they left college, Lisa and Sue started making films together.They still make films.

(make/ five films since they left college) ……

Bài tập 4: Chọn đáp án đúng: Bài tập thì hiện tại hoàn thành và hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn

1. I (have been waiting/have waited) for two hours, but she (has not been coming/has not come) yet.
2. She (has been reading/has read) all the books written by Nguyen Nhat Anh. How many books (have you read/have been you reading)?
3. He (has written/has been writing) a novel for one year, but she (hasn’t finished/has not been finishing) it yet.
4. Mary (has been losing/has lost) her bag and she (has been looking/has looked) for it until now.
5. Sarah is exhausted. She (has finished/has been finishing) her internship report.

Đáp án bài tập thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn

3.1. Bài tập cơ bản

Bài tập 1

1. has been working
2. have been studying
3. have been eating
4. have been living
5. has been playing
6. have been learning
7. have been cooking
8. has been going
9. has been raining
10. have been sleeping
11. have not been working
12. have not been eating
13. have not been exercising
14. has not been studying
15. have not been living
16. has been snowing
17. has been playing
18. have been drinking
19. have been sleeping
20. have not been watching
21. haven’t been eating
22. has been raining
23. has been watching

Bài tập 2

1. How long have you been waiting for me? 
2. What has John been doing since he returned? 
3. Why have you not been eating | haven’t you been eating meat lately? 
4. Has it been snowing all night? 
5. Why have Sam and Mary been arguing for such a long time? 
6. Have you been using my shampoo? 
7. How long has Jill not been wearing | hasn’t Jill been wearing glasses? 
8. Have you been revising since you decided to take the exam? 
9. Where has your dad been working lately? 
10. Have you been making a cake?  

Bài tập 3

1. We don’t want to go out because We have been playing football.
2. Chingun has been sleeping for hours, so the house is very quiet.
3. He has been drinking alcohol since we saw him.
4. I have been doing my homework for the whole day, so now I am tired.
5. She has not been seeing her parents for so long because she is extremely busy.

Bài tập 4

1. have you been waiting	2. has John been doing
3. haven’t you been eating	4. has it been snowing
5. have Peter and Joly been arguing	6. have you been using
7. hasn’t Ben been wearing	8. have you been revising
9. has your dad been working	10. have you been making

3.2. Bài tập nâng cao

Bài tập 1

1. have you been learning 
2. has been baking 
3. have been cleaning 
4. have not been working
5. has … not been going
6. have not been making
7. have … been coughing 
8. have … not been teaching 
9. has not been speaking 
10. have been looking

Bài tập 2

1. have you cleaned
2. have been working all day – have just come
3. have been
4. have been playing
5. have been waiting – have not arrived
6. has not cooked – has been talking 
7. has been working
8. have been living
9. have been waiting
10. has been working
11. has been raining
12. has been acting
13. has been working – have not finished 
14. has not opened 
15. have you taken

Bài tập 3

1. He has been reading for two hours./ He has read 53 pages so far.
2. She’s been traveling for three months./ She’s visited six countries so far.
3. He’s won the national championships four times./ He’s been playing tennis since he was ten.
4. They’ve made five films since they left college./ They’ve been making films since they left college.

Bài tập 4

1. I have been waiting for two hours, but she hasn’t come yet.
2. She has read all the books written by Nguyen Nhat Anh. How many books you have you read?
3. He has been writing a novel for one year, but she hasn’t finished it yet.
4. Mary has lost her bag and she has been looking for it until now.
5. Sarah is exhausted. She has been finishing her internship report.