Im honestly not even sure which level of risk management this is quizlet
A microaggression is a comment or action that negatively targets a marginalized person or group. A microaggression can be intentional or accidental. It is a form of discrimination. Show
People who engage in microaggressions may mean no harm toward the person or group being targeted. They may not even realize that they are making a microaggressive comment or action. Regardless, microaggressions can be very hurtful to the people who experience them. This article looks at what a microaggression is and gives some examples. It also describes how to avoid them and what to do if they happen. What are they?Share on PinterestAlthough people may not mean any harm, microaggressions can be stigmatizing and very hurtful. Researchersdefine microaggressions as “everyday, subtle put-downs directed towards a marginalized group which may be verbal or nonverbal and are typically automatic.” Microaggressions convey disparaging messages to people because they belong — or are perceived to belong — to a specific group. Denying a person’s experience is also a form of microaggression. For instance, saying to a transgender person, “I’m a woman, so I understand what you are going through.” In a more specific example, cisgender women may use microaggressions to diminish the experience of transgender women. For example, a cisgender woman may complain that a transgender woman cannot understand what they are experiencing, implying that transgender women are not “real” women. History of the term ‘microaggression’The psychiatrist Dr. Chester M. Pierce first coined the term in the 1970s to describe subtle insults and put-downs that African Americans experience regularly. Psychologists have since expanded its use to include this behavior toward any marginalized group. A marginalized group includes “individuals, groups, or populations outside of ‘mainstream society,’ living at the margins of those in the center of power, of cultural dominance, and economical and social welfare.” Marginalization is not something people choose to experience. Instead, it results from exclusion and discrimination by structures of power and the people within them. A person may experience marginalization due to their race, gender, religion, or sexual orientation, for example. It is usually clear when someone’s behavior is discriminatory, such as when they use a racial slur. A microaggression, however, may be harder to identify, and the person may not realize that their behavior is harmful. Health inequities affect all of us differently. Visit our dedicated hub for an in-depth look at social disparities in health and what we can do to correct them. Types of microaggressionMicroaggressions can take several forms. They may be:
ClassificationsPsychologist Dr. Derald Wing Sue and colleagues have defined three classifications of microaggression:
Examples There are many everyday examples of microaggressions. People may target others with microaggressions because of their race, gender, sexual orientation, religion, class, disability, mental health, weight, or age, among other factors. In 2018, Kansas State University conducted a study into workplace microaggressions. The researchers found that 73% of women working in science, technology, engineering, or mathematics had experienced at least one form of sexual objectification. Some other examples of microaggressions include:
Racial microaggressionsThese microaggressions are an insidious, pervasive form of racism. Someresearchersdefine them as “brief, everyday exchanges that send denigrating messages to People of Color because they belong to a racial minority group.” This form of everyday racism can have a devastating effect on individuals and communities. Often, the dominant person who uses them is unaware of it or unaware of the effect. Examples of racial microaggressions include:
Here, learn more about racial microaggressions. Sexist microaggressionsThese reflect prejudice, stereotyping, or discrimination against a person because of their gender. Usually, they are directed by males toward females. Examples include:
In a2021 study, surgeons and anesthesiologists reported that the most common sexist microaggressions they experienced at work involved overhearing degrading terms and seeing degrading images of females. What is sexism? Find out here. Misogynistic microaggressionsThis is another type of gender-based microaggression directed by males toward females. Examples include:
Learn more about sexism, including misogyny and other types of hostile sexism. Heterosexist microaggressionsHeterosexism was one called “homophobia.” The older term is inaccurate because it refers to an irrational fear, rather than the systemic and interpersonal discrimination and marginalization that exist. Examples include:
Here, find our LGBTQIA+ hub, with information and resources for support. How do microaggressions cause harm?Microaggressions can be harmful and stressful to the people who experience them. Researchers studying the effects of racial microaggressions on undergraduate college students found that those who experienced them regularly had lower self-esteem. The researchers also discovered that these racist microaggressions were especially harmful in work and educational settings. In another study, researchers found that people who experienced ethnic microaggressions had higher levels of depression and trauma. However, the study could not confirm that the microaggressions directly caused the participants’ depression. One that looked at 325 “minority” graduate students found that more than 98% had experienced microaggressions. The results showed that microaggressions caused significant distress and increased the risk of depression, regardless of a person’s social status. What is the link between microaggressions and implicit bias?Microaggressions are a subtle form of prejudice. They are comments or behaviors that harm members of marginalized communities. The people who engage in microaggressions are often unaware of the negative impact. Implicit biasmeans“unconscious prejudice in favor of or against one person or group.” Microaggressions are often an expression of implicit bias. But if a person understands that their comments or actions are microaggressions and continues to behave in the same way, the prejudice they express is no longer implicit. It is explicit bias. How to avoid committing microaggressionsIt can be difficult for a person with learned bias to change how they act toward marginalized groups. However, some tips can help people review their beliefs and change their behavior. For example:
What to do if someone commits a microaggressionThe American Psychological Association recommends these strategies to people who face microaggressions:
Bystanders can help by being allies. This might involve speaking up against the microaggression. But always say how the language or behavior made you feel — not how you assume it made the recipient feel, as this can be unintentionally dehumanizing. No one can ever be sure quite how something makes another person feel. Here, learn more about empowering others whose sexual orientation puts them at risk of microaggressions. Summary Microaggressions are actions or comments that express prejudice against a marginalized group or person. They can be very stigmatizing and harmful. Although it can be difficult to admit fault, a person who engages in microaggressions can educate themselves about the impact of harmful language and change their behavior. What are the 3 basic categories of control in risk management?three basic categories — Engineering controls, Administrative controls, and Physical controls.
What is risk quizlet risk management?What is risk management? Risk management is the process of identifying, assessing, and controlling risks arising from operational factors and making decisions that balance risk costs with mission benefits.
What is the third step in risk management quizlet?What is the third step of the risk management process? Selecting the appropriate techniques for treating the loss exposures.
What is the correct order of the risk management tasks?The 4 essential steps of the Risk Management Process are:
Identify the risk. Assess the risk. Treat the risk. Monitor and Report on the risk.
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