Nơi bạn chia sẻ những tâm sự thầm kín
phải fan của diễn viên nào trong phim. Riêng đối với LVH thì ngay cái nhìn đầu tiên tôi đã ko có cảm tình rồi. Về LVH : 1. Ngoại hình : nam nhân nhưng người gầy gò thiếu sức sống quá, gương mặt khó gây thiện cảm và ko quá đẹp trai để đc tung hô tới mức như vậy. Hơn nữa còn có tin đồn anh ta PTTM để đc như bây giờ chứ hồi đi hát thì khác xa lắm , có thể tìm kiểm chứng. 2. Nhân cách : t thấy anh ta quả là có vấn đề lớn về nhân cách. Từ vụ lùm xùm đất diễn rồi còn đi lên tiếng thanh minh này nọ, bao che cho fan vụ fan anh này đi nói xấu ĐL vừa rồi là thấy ko tốt đẹp gì rồi. Bản thân có ô dù che chắn cho nên muốn gì được nấy còn gì nữa mà suốt ngày ca bài ca than thở! 3. Khả năng diễn xuất : nói trắng ra là đơ toàn tập, chỉ biết liếc mắt thể hiện sự dữ dằn ngoài ra ko còn gì , ko cảm xúc ko thể chạm tới người xem. Fan anh ta tung hô quá vậy tại sao gia nhập làng giải trí từ nhỏ lại ko nổi tiếng? Rồi hồi đi hát với Phù Long Phi thì dựa hơi anh này để nổi tiếng chứ khả năng hát hò cũng chẳng ra sao. Đợt rồi mấy page có share clip anh ta hát live bài Bất Nhiễm t có xem qua thì thấy giọng yếu như gió còn bị rung. Điều này đối với idol từng đi hát thì là ko thể chấp nhận đc. Về fan nhà này thì đúng là cực phẩm, chúa khóc mướn khi đi khắp nơi rêu rao kêu gọi lòng thương cho vai Nhuận Ngọc. Nhờ vai Nhuận Ngọc mà anh các cậu mới đc nổi như bây giờ đấy đừng quên. Idol thì dính đầy phốt mà vẫn bênh đc, còn đi nói xấu diễn viên khác để nâng idol mình lên thì các bạn đúng quá mù quáng ko phân biệt được ai là đáng để thần tượng." H+
How To Order Birth Records
Louisiana is a "closed record" state. This means that birth and death certificates are not public records. All requests for birth or death certificates must include proper identification, appropriate fees, and a completed application.
Who May Order A Birth Certificate:
- The person named on the document
- The current spouse of the person named on the document
- Mother or father of the person named on the document
- An adult child of the person named on the document
- Sister/brother of the person named on the document
- Grandmother or grandfather of the person named on the document
- Grandchild of the person named on the document
- An attorney representing one of the above with a signed contract of representation or authorization.
When another adult other than the legally entitled individuals listed above is requesting the record of a child, they must present a judgment of custody for the child. Notarized custody papers or provisional custody mandates are not acceptable.
You may also request Apostille copies of vital records.
There are three ways to obtain a certified copy of a Louisiana birth certificate:
IN PERSON
New Orleans VItal Records Walk-In Services are currently available by using VitalChek ordering and choosing the "Will Call" option for delivery. Customers will receive an email once the order has been processed and is ready to be picked up.
Walk-in Service Hours: 8:00 A.M. to 3:30 P.M. [excluding state holidays]
You may complete an application for a certified copy of a birth certificate, bring your photo identification and correct fees to the Vital Records Central Office. Walk-in services accepts cash, check, money order, and credit/debit cards as forms of payment.
Please fill out the application to obtain a certified birth certificate.
Participating Louisiana Clerks of Court offer certified copies of birth records [long and short form] at locations around the state. There is an additional fee for this service.
Kiosk Service Locations Hours of Operation: 8:00 A.M. to 4:30 P.M. [excluding state holidays]
You may also order in person from a kiosk service location. Kiosk orders require the user to successfully complete an identity authentication screening. Once the kiosk order is placed, the order is shipped via USPS or expedited shipping, or made available for pickup at Vital Records Central Office. A security fee and shipping costs apply to kiosk orders.
You may mail your completed request, a copy of your photo identification and correct fees to:
Vital Records RegistryPO Box 60630
New Orleans, LA 70160
Please complete the application to obtain a certified birth certificate and allow approximately 8-10 weeks for delivery.
INTERNET, FAX AND TELEPHONE
You may use a major credit card to place internet, fax or telephone orders through VitalChek Network, an authorized service provider. There are additional fees when using this service provider or requesting expedited services.
To order using the VitalChek Network, visit their website or call 1-877-605-8562.
If you have already placed a VitalChek Network order, you may also check the status.
"LVH" redirects here. For the Las Vegas hotel formerly known as "LVH", see Westgate Las Vegas. For French schools abbreviated "LVH", see Lycée Victor Hugo.
Left ventricular hypertrophy [LVH] is thickening of the heart muscle of the left ventricle of the heart, that is, left-sided ventricular hypertrophy.
While ventricular hypertrophy occurs naturally as a reaction to aerobic exercise and strength training, it is most frequently referred to as a pathological reaction to cardiovascular disease, or high blood pressure.[2] It is one aspect of ventricular remodeling.
While LVH itself is not a disease, it is usually a marker for disease involving the heart.[3] Disease processes that can cause LVH include any disease that increases the afterload that the heart has to contract against, and some primary diseases of the muscle of the heart.[citation needed] Causes of increased afterload that can cause LVH include aortic stenosis, aortic insufficiency and hypertension. Primary disease of the muscle of the heart that cause LVH are known as hypertrophic cardiomyopathies, which can lead into heart failure.[citation needed]
Long-standing mitral insufficiency also leads to LVH as a compensatory mechanism.[citation needed]
Associated genes include OGN, osteoglycin.[4]
The commonly used method to diagnose LVH is echocardiography, with which the thickness of the muscle of the heart can be measured. The electrocardiogram [ECG] often shows signs of increased voltage from the heart in individuals with LVH, so this is often used as a screening test to determine who should undergo further testing.[citation needed]
Echocardiography
| Mild | 12 to 13 mm |
| Moderate | >13 to 17 mm |
| Severe | >17 mm |
Two dimensional echocardiography can produce images of the left ventricle. The thickness of the left ventricle as visualized on echocardiography correlates with its actual mass. Left ventricular mass can be further estimated based on geometric assumptions of ventricular shape using the measured wall thickness and internal diameter.[6] Average thickness of the left ventricle, with numbers given as 95% prediction interval for the short axis images at the mid-cavity level are:[7]
- Women: 4 – 8 mm
- Men: 5 – 9 mm
CT & MRI
CT and MRI-based measurement can be used to measure the left ventricle in three dimensions and calculate left ventricular mass directly. MRI based measurement is considered the “gold standard” for left ventricular mass,[8] though is usually not readily available for common practice. In older individuals, age related remodeling of the left ventricle's geometry can lead to a discordancy between CT and echocardiographic based measurements of left ventricular mass.[9]
ECG criteria
Left ventricular hypertrophy with secondary repolarization abnormalities as seen on ECG
Histopathology of [a] normal myocardium and [b] myocardial hypertrophy. Scale bar indicates 50 μm.
There are several sets of criteria used to diagnose LVH via electrocardiography.[10] None of them are perfect, though by using multiple criteria sets, the sensitivity and specificity are increased.
The Sokolow-Lyon index:[11][12]
- S in V1 + R in V5 or V6 [whichever is larger] ≥ 35 mm [≥ 7 large squares]
- R in aVL ≥ 11 mm
The Cornell voltage criteria[13] for the ECG diagnosis of LVH involve measurement of the sum of the R wave in lead aVL and the S wave in lead V3. The Cornell criteria for LVH are:
- S in V3 + R in aVL > 28 mm [men]
- S in V3 + R in aVL > 20 mm [women]
The Romhilt-Estes point score system ["diagnostic" >5 points; "probable" 4 points]:
| ECG Criteria | Points |
Voltage Criteria [any of]:
|
3 |
ST-T Abnormalities:
|
3 |
| Negative terminal P mode in V1 1 mm in depth and 0.04 sec in duration [indicates left atrial enlargement] | 3 |
| Left axis deviation [QRS of −30° or more] | 2 |
| QRS duration ≥0.09 sec | 1 |
| Delayed intrinsicoid deflection in V5 or V6 [>0.05 sec] | 1 |
Other voltage-based criteria for LVH include:
- Lead I: R wave > 14 mm
- Lead aVR: S wave > 15 mm
- Lead aVL: R wave > 12 mm
- Lead aVF: R wave > 21 mm
- Lead V5: R wave > 26 mm
- Lead V6: R wave > 20 mm
The enlargement is not permanent in all cases, and in some cases the growth can regress with the reduction of blood pressure.[14]
LVH may be a factor in determining treatment or diagnosis for other conditions. For example, LVH causes a patient to have an irregular ECG. Patients with LVH may have to participate in more complicated and precise diagnostic procedures, such as imaging, in situations in which a physician could otherwise give advice based on an ECG.[15][16]
- Cardiomegaly
- Primary hyperparathyroidism
- Ventricular hypertrophy
- ^ a b Maron, Barry J; Maron, Martin S [2013-01-19]. "Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy". Lancet. Elsevier BV. 381 [9862]: 242–255. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736[12]60397-3. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 22874472. S2CID 38333896.
- ^ "Ask the doctor: Left Ventricular Hypertrophy". Retrieved 2007-12-07.
- ^ Meijs MF, Bots ML, Vonken EJ, et al. [2007]. "Rationale and design of the SMART Heart study: A prediction model for left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertension". Neth Heart J. 15 [9]: 295–8. doi:10.1007/BF03086003. PMC 1995099. PMID 18030317.
- ^ Petretto E, Sarwar R, Grieve I, Lu H, Kumaran MK, Muckett PJ, Mangion J, Schroen B, Benson M, Punjabi PP, Prasad SK, Pennell DJ, Kiesewetter C, Tasheva ES, Corpuz LM, Webb MD, Conrad GW, Kurtz TW, Kren V, Fischer J, Hubner N, Pinto YM, Pravenec M, Aitman TJ, Cook SA [May 2008]. "Integrated genomic approaches implicate osteoglycin [Ogn] in the regulation of left ventricular mass". Nat. Genet. 40 [5]: 546–52. doi:10.1038/ng.134. PMC 2742198. PMID 18443592.
- ^ Goland, Sorel; Czer, Lawrence S.C.; Kass, Robert M.; Siegel, Robert J.; Mirocha, James; De Robertis, Michele A.; Lee, Jason; Raissi, Sharo; Cheng, Wen; Fontana, Gregory; Trento, Alfredo [2008]. "Use of Cardiac Allografts With Mild and Moderate Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Can Be Safely Used in Heart Transplantation to Expand the Donor Pool". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 51 [12]: 1214–1220. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2007.11.052. ISSN 0735-1097. PMID 18355661.
- ^ Lang, Roberto M.; Badano, Luigi P.; Mor-Avi, Victor; Afilalo, Jonathan; Armstrong, Anderson; Ernande, Laura; Flachskampf, Frank A.; Foster, Elyse; Goldstein, Steven A.; Kuznetsova, Tatiana; Lancellotti, Patrizio; Muraru, Denisa; Picard, Michael H.; Rietzschel, Ernst R.; Rudski, Lawrence [January 2015]. "Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults: an update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging". Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography: Official Publication of the American Society of Echocardiography. 28 [1]: 1–39.e14. doi:10.1016/j.echo.2014.10.003. ISSN 1097-6795. PMID 25559473.
- ^ Kawel, Nadine; Turkbey, Evrim B.; Carr, J. Jeffrey; Eng, John; Gomes, Antoinette S.; Hundley, W. Gregory; Johnson, Craig; Masri, Sofia C.; Prince, Martin R.; van der Geest, Rob J.; Lima, João A.C.; Bluemke, David A. [2012]. "Normal Left Ventricular Myocardial Thickness for Middle-Aged and Older Subjects With Steady-State Free Precession Cardiac Magnetic Resonance". Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging. 5 [4]: 500–508. doi:10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.112.973560. ISSN 1941-9651. PMC 3412148. PMID 22705587.
- ^ Myerson, Saul G.; Bellenger, Nicholas G.; Pennell, Dudley J. [2002-03-01]. "Assessment of Left Ventricular Mass by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance". Hypertension. 39 [3]: 750–755. doi:10.1161/hy0302.104674.
- ^ Stokar, Joshua; Leibowitz, David; Durst, Ronen; Shaham, Dorith; Zwas, Donna R. [2019-10-24]. "Echocardiography overestimates LV mass in the elderly as compared to cardiac CT". PLOS ONE. 14 [10]: e0224104. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0224104. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 6812823. PMID 31648248.
- ^ "Lesson VIII - Ventricular Hypertrophy". Retrieved 2009-01-07.
- ^ Sokolow M, Lyon TP [1949]. "The ventricular complex in left ventricular hypertrophy as obtained by unipolar precordial and limb leads". Am Heart J. 37 [2]: 161–186. doi:10.1016/0002-8703[49]90562-1. PMID 18107386.
- ^ Okin, Peter M.; Roman, Mary J.; Devereux, Richard B.; Pickering, Thomas G.; Borer, Jeffrey S.; Kligfield, Paul [1998]. "Time-Voltage QRS Area of the 12-Lead Electrocardiogram : Detection of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy". Hypertension. 31 [4]: 937–942. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.503.8356. doi:10.1161/01.HYP.31.4.937. PMID 9535418. Retrieved 2007-12-07.
- ^ Casale PN, Devereux RB, Alonso DR, Campo E, Kligfield P [1987]. "Improved sex-specific criteria of left ventricular hypertrophy for clinical and computer interpretation of electrocardiograms: validation with autopsy findings". Circulation. 75 [3]: 565–72. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.75.3.565. PMID 2949887.
- ^ Gradman AH, Alfayoumi F [2006]. "From left ventricular hypertrophy to congestive heart failure: management of hypertensive heart disease". Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 48 [5]: 326–41. doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2006.02.001. PMID 16627048.
- ^ American Society of Nuclear Cardiology, "Five Things Physicians and Patients Should Question" [PDF], Choosing Wisely: an initiative of the ABIM Foundation, American Society of Nuclear Cardiology, archived from the original [PDF] on April 16, 2012, retrieved August 17, 2012
- ^ Anderson, J. L.; Adams, C. D.; Antman, E. M.; Bridges, C. R.; Califf, R. M.; Casey, D. E.; Chavey, W. E.; Fesmire, F. M.; Hochman, J. S.; Levin, T. N.; Lincoff, A. M.; Peterson, E. D.; Theroux, P.; Wenger, N. K.; Wright, R. S. [2007]. "ACC/AHA 2007 Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Unstable Angina/Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines [Writing Committee to Revise the 2002 Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Unstable Angina/Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction]: Developed in Collaboration with the American College of Emergency Physicians, the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons: Endorsed by the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation and the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine". Circulation. 116 [7]: 803–877. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.185752.
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