What would happen if you received a blood transfusion from someone with type B blood and why?
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A, B, AB, and O are the 4 major blood types. The types are based on small substances (molecules) on the surface of the blood cells. When people who have one blood type receive blood from someone with a different blood type, it may cause their immune system to react. This is called ABO incompatibility. Due to modern testing techniques, this problem is very rare. The different blood types are:
People who have one blood type may form proteins (antibodies) that cause their immune system to react against one or more of the other blood types. Being exposed to another type of blood can cause a reaction. This is important when someone needs to receive blood (transfusion) or have an organ transplant. The blood types must be compatible to avoid an ABO incompatibility reaction. For example:
Type O blood does not cause an immune response when it is given to people with type A, type B, or type AB blood. This is why type O blood cells can be given to people of any blood type. People with type O blood are called universal donors. But people with type O can only receive type O blood. Both blood and plasma transfusions must be matched to avoid an immune reaction. Before anyone receives blood, both the blood and the person receiving it are tested carefully to avoid a reaction. Usually, a reaction occurs because of a clerical error causing someone to receive incompatible blood. The following are symptoms of ABO incompatible transfusion reactions:
The health care provider will perform a physical exam. Blood tests will usually show:
Urine tests show the presence of hemoglobin due to breakdown of red blood cells. In case of any reaction, transfusion should be stopped immediately. Treatment may also include:
ABO incompatibility can be a very serious problem that can result in death. With the right and timely treatment, a full recovery is expected. Complications that may result include:
Contact your provider if you have recently had a blood transfusion or transplant and you have symptoms of ABO incompatibility. Careful testing of donor and recipient blood types before transfusion or transplant can prevent this problem. Transfusion reaction - hemolytic; Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction; AHTR; Blood incompatibility - ABO Kaide CG, Thompson LR. Transfusion therapy: blood and blood products. In: Roberts JR, Custalow CB, Thomsen TW, eds. Roberts and Hedges' Clinical Procedures in Emergency Medicine and Acute Care. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019:chap 28. Manis JP. Blood components, blood donor screening, and transfusion reactions. In: Rifai N, ed. Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics. 6th ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2018:chap 81. Nester T. Blood component therapy and transfusion reactions. In: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, eds. Conn's Current Therapy 2020. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:394-400. Updated by: Todd Gersten, MD, Hematology/Oncology, Florida Cancer Specialists & Research Institute, Wellington, FL. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team. What happens if you get a blood transfusion of the wrong type?Transfusion The wrong blood type will cause reactions related to most endothelium, the red blood cells of the transfused blood will be destroyed by the recipient's antibodies right in the blood vessel and at the same time can reactions occur simultaneously, causing shock and causing the patient to die quickly.
What would happen if a recipient with blood type B receive blood from a donor with blood type O?So, if someone with Type O blood was to try and donate plasma to someone with Type B blood, that plasma would contain anti-A and anti-B antibodies. Those anti-B antibodies would then attack the red blood cells of the Type B recipient.
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