This question is not particularly a Joomla question but a jQuery/HTML one, so I am not sure this should be included and answered here in JSE as a question. Probably this could get much more answers at Stack Overflow. As I understood your issue more, you are just looking for an additional jQuery/Javascript snippet, something like this:

jQuery(document).on('click', '.scrollTo', function(e)  {
   if ($(window).width() > 1025) {
       $('html, body').animate({scrollTop: 0}, 'slow');
   }
   else {
       // scroll to the content top as it does now...
   }
});

This snippet is just checking the window width and we just target landscape laptops, desktop, tablets at high res devices. If someone clicks on the .scrollTo class buttons and using these bigger screen sizes, then the whole body will scroll back to the top. Otherwise your old jQuery snippet would run on mobile screen sizes... (in the code I just use a regularly used screen size, however in Bootstrap col-lg is breaking at ≥992px, so it can be changed/used too in the code).

The combined, cleaner jQuery snippet would look something like this:

jQuery(function($) {
    $(".timeline-pills .timeline-element").on("click", function(e) {
        e.preventDefault();
        const currentElement = $(this);
        const dataTarget = currentElement.data("target");
        const dataTargetElem = $("div.timeline-info#" + dataTarget);
        $(".timeline-pills .timeline-element").removeClass("active");
        currentElement.addClass("active");
        $(".timeline-info").hide();
        dataTargetElem.show();
        const pos = dataTargetElem.offset().top;
        if ($(window).width() > 992) {
            $("html, body").animate({scrollTop: 0}, 'slow');
        }
        else {
            $("html, body").animate({
                scrollTop: pos
            });
        }
    });
});

in case it matters for you, you can change this line in the above code, just to keep the nicer top-margin of the content on mobile views:

const pos = $(".timeline-info-panels").offset().top;

only side note: The jQuery code you provided in your question must be cleaned up much more from the // Scroll to section part. The const id must be defined correctly, but it looks like that part is not needed at all in the code... (I did not fully understand that part of the code but this is how I understood the purpose of it ). So, I just wanted to help you in pushing this a little further. :)

❮ jQuery HTML/CSS Methods

Example

Return the vertical scrollbar position for a